-
Molecular Characterization of Canine Rabies Virus Strains Circulating in Mali
Sow Ibrahim,
Dakouo Marthin,
Coulibaly Kadidiatou,
Diakité Mohamed Adama,
Koné Yaya Sidi,
Diakité Adama,
Sidibé Satigui,
Babana Amadou Hamadoun
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
1-7
Received:
21 December 2021
Accepted:
10 January 2022
Published:
20 January 2022
Abstract: Rabies are one of the major zoonoses in Mali. The control of this disease is based on the use of effective diagnostic techniques, the management of human cases after exposure and medical prophylaxis of animals. Diagnosis is usually made by detection of viral antigen by direct immunofluorescence (IF). Due to the increasing variability of the genus Lyssavirus observed, it was found necessary to use a complementary technique, namely reverse transcription in polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The objective of the present study was to assess the diagnostic performance of IFD and RT-PCR for the diagnosis of animal rabies in Mali with a view to characterizing the different strains identified at the molecular level (gene of rabies virus nucleoprotein N). Thus, the analysis of forty (40) brain samples from dogs suspected of having rabies, revealed 36 positive cases for IFD, i.e. 90% and 33 for RT-PCR, i.e. 82.5.% and a concordance rate of 82.5%. Analysis of the segment of the gene of nucleoprotein (N) showed that the rabies viruses circulating in Mali belong to the Africa 2 lineage (Africa 2). Statistical analyzes showed the existence of a significant difference (P=0.001<0.005) between the performance of the two techniques. The present study shows the usefulness of the complementarity of the two tests as an alternative for confirming the diagnosis of rabies.
Abstract: Rabies are one of the major zoonoses in Mali. The control of this disease is based on the use of effective diagnostic techniques, the management of human cases after exposure and medical prophylaxis of animals. Diagnosis is usually made by detection of viral antigen by direct immunofluorescence (IF). Due to the increasing variability of the genus L...
Show More
-
Association of Seed Yield and Yield Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Inbred Lines at Bako, Ethiopia
Megersa Bayisa,
Bulti Tesso,
Abebe Atilaw
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
8-16
Received:
17 January 2022
Accepted:
5 February 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: Seed yield of any hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) variety emerges depending on parental characteristics of inbred lines used. Even though, traits of each inbred line are recorded there is no clear information about parental traits that contribute to yield and associations among those characters. The present study was conducted using 14 inbred lines at Bako National Maize Research Centre in 2018/2019 based on Randomized complete block design with three replications. Determining type and level of associations among certain parental traits of inbred lines were the primary objectives of the study. Data of PH, EH, EPO, 50% AD, 50% SD, MD, EPP, ED, EL, KPR, and TKW were collected. Analysis of variance was carried out using SAS9.3 and correlation and linear regression were tested using past 3.4 software. The mean squares revealed that there were highly significant differences existed among inbred lines for most of the traits except EPP, EA, and ED. Correlation analysis indicated that a strong positive relationship (r=0.57) exist between grain yield and plant height, ear length (r=0.57), kernel/row (r=0.62) and thousand kernel weight (r=0.58). A negative learner association was observed for grain yield with the ear aspect (r=-0.36) and plant aspect (r=-0.28) which is important for quality seed production. Linear regression shows that plant height, ear height, ear length, number of kernel/row, and thousand kernel weight are closely associated with grain yield. Hence, based on correlation and regression analyses, we conclude that these traits should be considered in selecting inbred lines in breeding programs.
Abstract: Seed yield of any hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) variety emerges depending on parental characteristics of inbred lines used. Even though, traits of each inbred line are recorded there is no clear information about parental traits that contribute to yield and associations among those characters. The present study was conducted using 14 inbred lines at B...
Show More
-
Susceptibility of Rose Varieties Against Pests in Relation to Plant Morphological Characters Under Open Field Condition
Shefalikumari Dipakbhai Chaudhari,
Sushil Kumar
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
17-30
Received:
28 January 2022
Accepted:
16 February 2022
Published:
25 February 2022
Abstract: Rose is attacked by thrips, Frankliniella schultzei (Pergande), Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood; aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus); whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood); mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso); foliage feeders and bud borers, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner); Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. As great deal of variation of pest attack to rose varieties exists, role of plant morphological characters in inducing plant resistance need investigation. Rose varieties Barbone rose, cabbage rose, Chinese rose and Gladiator were screened against major pests at Navsari Agricultural University (NAU), Navsari, Gujarat, India. Relationship of each character to pest incidence was established on the basis of correlation. Gladiator was considered as tolerant variety against thrips, blister beetle, castor semilooper, tussock moth and bud borer. Chinese rose was tolerant against aphid while, it was moderately susceptible against thrips (R. syriacus) and blister beetle. Barbone rose was moderately susceptible against castor semilooper and tussock moth. Overall, Gladiator was considered tolerant against majority of pests (except aphid). Plant growth habit exhibited significant positive correlation with aphid. Plant height had significant positive correlation with all the pests except aphid. Higher number of primary branches showed increased susceptibility to thrips, blister beetle, semilooper and tussock moth while, aphid was indirectly related to primary branches. Increased prickle density indicated increased thrips on leaves, larval populations of semilooper and tussock moth. Leaf colour exhibited negative relationship with semilooper, tussock moth and bud. Leaf area also influenced abundance of bud borer significantly. Increased leaf thickness showed decreased defoliator pests. Increased leaf glossiness showed decreased plant susceptibility to thrips, semilooper and tussock moth. Flower colour had negative relationship with semilooper, tussock moth and bud borer. Increased flower compactness indicated increased aphids and decreased thrips and blister beetle. Number of flower petals exhibited significant positive relationship with aphid and negative relationship with thrips and blister beetle. Lastly, number of flowers exhibited significant positive relationship with thrips, blister beetle, semilooper, tussock moth and bud borer while, it exhibited indirect relationship with aphid. Overall, most important biophysical traits of rose varieties grown under open field condition were plant height, number of primary branches, flower (compactness, number of petals and number of flowers/plant) which directly or indirectly influenced plant tolerance or susceptibility against major pests.
Abstract: Rose is attacked by thrips, Frankliniella schultzei (Pergande), Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood; aphid, Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus); whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood); mealybug, Planococcus citri (Risso); foliage feeders and bud borers, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner); Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch. As grea...
Show More
-
Evaluation of Elephant Grass (Pennisetum purpureum L) Accessions for Their Agronomic Performances in Lowland Areas of Guji Zone, Southern Oromia, Ethiopia
Teshale Jabessa,
Ketema Bekele,
Getacho Tesfaye,
Zinash Amare
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
31-35
Received:
18 January 2022
Accepted:
24 February 2022
Published:
15 March 2022
Abstract: The study was conducted with the objectives to identify and select better adaptable, higher herbage yielding forage variety. Six elephant grass accessions (ILRI#16791, ILRI#16798, ILRI#16840, ILRI#16800, ILRI#16819 and ILRI#15743) were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. All agronomic parameters and biomass yield of forage samples were determined and collected data were examined using statistical analysis. The result revealed that the agronomic performance of plot cover, plant vigor, leaf to stem ratio, leaf length and plant height were not show significant difference (P>0.05) between elephant accession. The result revealed that survive rate, number of leaf per plants, number of tiller per plants and number of node per plants were highly significantly (P<0.001) differ among the treatments. The result revealed that dry matter yield and number of plant regenerate were shown that significant (P<0.05) among the treatments. The highest value of dry matter yield was measured from ILRI#16791 (12.11 t/ha) accession. The highest survive rate (88.8%) was measured from ILRI#16791 accession, followed by (75.5%) ILRI#16819 accession. The result implies that ILRI#16819 and ILRI#16791 were well performed in agronomic parameters. Thus it could be possible to conclude that the elephant grass should be recommended for improving the constraint of feed shortage in lowland agro-ecologies of Guji zone and similar areas.
Abstract: The study was conducted with the objectives to identify and select better adaptable, higher herbage yielding forage variety. Six elephant grass accessions (ILRI#16791, ILRI#16798, ILRI#16840, ILRI#16800, ILRI#16819 and ILRI#15743) were arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. All agronomic parameters and biomass ...
Show More
-
Stability Analysis of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Bean Yield Using GGE Biplot in South Western Ethiopia
Afework Legesse,
Sintayehu Alamrew,
Abush Tesfaye
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
36-42
Received:
16 February 2022
Accepted:
10 March 2022
Published:
23 March 2022
Abstract: Coffee is the largest export crop, and the backbone of the Ethiopian economy. The experiment were conducted at Metu, Gore and Chora for two consecutive years with the objective of determining the nature and magnitude of genotype x environment interaction, to classify environment based on genotype performance and identifying stable genotypes on coffee yield by using GGE biplot analysis. A total 17 advanced coffee genotypes were laid out using randomized complete block design with three replications. The analysis of variance for coffee bean yield revealed the presence of highly significant difference (P<0.01) among genotypes, environments and genotype by environment interaction. Results of GGE biplot showed that the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) justified 65.66% of the sum of squares with PC1=49.12% and PC2=16.54% of the GGE sum of squares. The six test environments were divided into four different coffee growing mega-environments. Among the test location Metu2 and Gore2 were the most representative and most discriminating environment while Chora2 was less powerful to discriminate genotypes or less desirable as a testing location for coffee bean yield. Genotype G5 (236/71), followed by G8 (872/74) and G12 (227/71) were stable and high yielder across coffee growing environments and it recommended for mega environment production.
Abstract: Coffee is the largest export crop, and the backbone of the Ethiopian economy. The experiment were conducted at Metu, Gore and Chora for two consecutive years with the objective of determining the nature and magnitude of genotype x environment interaction, to classify environment based on genotype performance and identifying stable genotypes on coff...
Show More
